Settlement Agreement: How They Work, Key Terms
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What is a Settlement Agreement?
A settlement agreement is a legally binding contract that outlines the resolution to a dispute. After negotiations but prior to a final judgement, parties can come to a mutual agreement to an outcome for the case and enter a legally binding settlement agreement.
Settlement agreements are common in divorce and marital disputes, property disputes, personal injury cases, and employment disputes. These agreements not only keep disputes out of court, but they also save parties from having to pay expensive legal fees for continued litigation and trial.
There are certain legal requirements to which a settlement agreement must adhere to be valid and legally binding. Once a settlement agreement is complete, it must be presented to and approved by a judge.
How Do Settlement Agreements Work?
When two parties decide that they would like to pursue a settlement agreement rather than proceed to trial, negotiations will begin. It is common to use a non-biased mediator to assist the parties in coming to mutually agreeable terms.
During negotiations, the parties will lay out their terms and goals for the agreement and go back and forth until every issue in the case is settled. After the parties have agreed on all terms and it is ensured that all legal requirements of the settlement agreement are fulfilled, a judge must approve and sign off on the agreement.
If you want to be sure you’re prepared for a successful settlement agreement, read this article.
Marital Settlement Agreements
A marital settlement agreement (MSA) or divorce settlement agreement is a very common type of agreement. A couple going through a divorce may find a settlement agreement beneficial to save money on legal fees and to keep their dispute as civil as possible.
Depending on which state you reside in, marital settlement agreements are referred to by many different names. Examples of some other names for marital settlement agreements include:
- Separation Agreement
- Separation and Property Settlement Agreement
- Custody, Support, and Property Agreement
- Mediated Separation Agreement
- Collaborative Settlement Agreement
- Property Settlement Agreement (PSA)
Some issues that may be covered in a marital settlement agreement include:
- Property division
- Child custody
- Child support
- Alimony
- Health insurance for either party or the child
- Retirement benefits
- Life insurance policies
If two divorcing parties can agree to the terms of their divorce, an attorney or mediator can draft the marital settlement agreement. In some states, a judge will review the terms to make sure they are fair. This agreement will then be incorporated into the final divorce decree. This makes the agreement a binding court order and if either party violates it, they can be held in contempt of court.
Often in a divorce case, one party will draft a settlement agreement to propose to the other party. It is important to remember that it is just a proposal, and you are not obligated to agree to all the terms and sign it. This is just the beginning of negotiations. You should consider consulting a family law lawyer to look over the proposed terms to ensure you are protected.
Even if you agree to all the proposed terms, it is still imperative that you have your own lawyer review the proposal. You want to make sure that someone who is representing your best interests has gone over the agreement. This is the only way to protect your interests and rights.
Although once signed a divorce settlement agreement becomes legally binding, that does not mean that it cannot be modified or revised. If the revision involves a financial matter, generally both parties will have to agree to the revision.
However, if there is a significant change in circumstances, child support, custody, or visitation, can be modified by a judge to protect the best interests of the child.
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Property Settlement Agreements
When an unmarried couple separates, they are not governed by the same laws and regulations as a married couple going through a divorce. If there no children involved, the biggest issue in a break-up is the division of property. This is where a property settlement agreement can be useful.
Most states follow similar guidelines for property laws of unmarried couples. Each person is presumed to have their own property and their own debts unless they have combined their property (like a joint bank account or both names on the deed to a house). If there are joint assets, each person is entitled to a 50% share unless they can prove a larger contribution.
Unmarried couples will not receive any sort of alimony from each other and usually are not entitled to mediations like married couples are in divorce. Any property disputes would be handled by civil court proceedings.
It is recommended that if you plan on living with a partner without being married, you draft and sign a property agreement before a dispute or break-up occurs. Having a valid contract will avoid painful issues down the road should separation become imminent.
Click here to view an example of a property settlement agreement.
Business Settlement Agreements
Business disputes are very common can arise for a wide variety of business activities. Some common business lawsuits include:
- Breach of contract
- Intellectual property
- Mergers and acquisitions
- Unfair competition
- Securities and stocks
Rather than pay expensive legal fees to litigation lawyers to go to court, a business may decide that a business settlement agreement is the appropriate action for their dispute.
Parties involved in a business dispute can choose to participate in informal negotiations or they can use alternative dispute resolution methods like arbitration, mediation, and facilitation.
Because a lawsuit can negatively impact a business in many ways, it is always recommended that a business attempt to settle a dispute outside of court. This protects a business from possible bankruptcy, scandal, and exposing trade secrets.
Is a Settlement Agreement Final Judgment?
If a settlement agreement has been signed by both parties and approved by a judge, then it is legally binding and enforceable. However, after a case has been dismissed, the court no longer has the power to enforce a settlement agreement. Therefore, it is important to have the agreement incorporated into a final judgment or decree.
If either party refuses to adhere to the contract, a breach in settlement occurs. Every state has different procedures for handling a breach of agreement but generally a new lawsuit will need to be filed.
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Can I Write My Own Settlement Agreement?
Parties can draft their own settlement agreement; however, it is not recommended. It is always best to have a dispute lawyer assist in the settlement agreement process to ensure the document is both fair and legal.
Settlement agreements must adhere to certain legal requirements to be legally enforceable. In addition to the agreement being in writing, it must also include:
- An offer by one party
- Acceptance by the other party
- Proof of valid consideration from both parties free of coercion, duress, or threat
- Mutual agreement to all the terms
- Legal purpose
It is very common when drafting your own agreement to make mistakes or leave out information. Even if you think your settlement agreement is straightforward, any little error can have a great impact on your rights. Common legal drafting mistakes when creating your own settlement agreement include:
- Failing to address all terms which can include all property, debts, etc.
- Including terms that don’t follow the laws in your state
- Failing to properly express your agreement in writing
It is important to remember that different states and jurisdictions may have different requirements for settlement agreements. A family lawyer or litigation lawyer could help walk you through the process.
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Allen L.
Allen L.
Protect what matters most — with clarity, care, and flat-rate planning. Protecting your family and your future shouldn’t feel confusing or overwhelming. My practice is built on the idea that strong legal planning can be simple, strategic, and empowering. I work with clients who want peace of mind — not just paperwork — through estate plans that truly fit their goals, families, and businesses. I focus on estate planning, asset protection, and business succession, helping individuals and entrepreneurs organize their assets, reduce risk, and prepare for every stage of life. Whether you’re setting up your first living trust, shielding your business from liability, or updating an existing estate plan, you’ll receive clear guidance, fixed-fee pricing, and responsive support from start to finish. Each plan I design is tailored to your real-world priorities: preserving wealth, avoiding unnecessary taxes and probate, and ensuring the people you love are protected when it matters most. My goal is simple — to make sure everything you’ve built stays safe, secure, and exactly where you intend it to go. Other services: --Simple wills and powers of attorney --Living trusts for small estates --Buy-sell agreements for family businesses --Service Agreements (consulting, marketing, software, design, etc.) --Independent Contractor Agreements --Employment contracts and offer letters --Non-compete, non-solicitation, or confidentiality agreements --Employee handbooks or HR policy updates --Termination or severance agreements --NDAs (Non-Disclosure Agreements) --Partnership or Joint Venture Agreements --Sales or Vendor Contracts --Licensing or IP Agreements --LLC or S-Corp formation filings --Operating Agreements / Shareholder Agreements --Founder or Investor Agreements --Bylaws and Minutes templates --Registered agent setup guidance --Commercial lease drafting or review --Residential lease review --Purchase & sale agreements --Short-term rental (Airbnb) contracts --Property management agreements
"Allen was very helpful and responsive. He maintained contact and made sure the PSA was exactly as needed. I would work with him again if needed. I definitely recommend!"
Morgan S.
Corporate Attorney that represents startups, businesses, investors, VC/PE doing business throughout the country. Representing in a range of matters from formation to regulatory compliance to financings to exit. Have a practice that represents both domestic and foreign startups, businesses, and entrepreneurs. Along with VC, Private Equity, and investors.
"Morgan was very detailed in his response and explanations. He showed me red flags, potential solutions, and where problems may occur. He explained some high risk clauses that did not make sense and I should not accept. Overall, Morgan saved me from bad business deal when I flagged his concerns to the counterparty. Thanks Morgan!"
Leonid G.
I have been practicing law since 2018. I used to be a litigator at a nationwide practice before going in-house at a fintech company. I have experience drafting NDAs, SaaS contracts, service agreements, and stock purchase agreements.
"Leonid was amazing. He understood the company ethos, our mission, and how to best update our contracts to serve both. He communicated with me on his progress and stayed within the budget I relayed to him. Will hire again for the next project."
October 2, 2023
Matthew W.
I represent startups, investment firms, and individuals frequently with equity and debt financing, M&A transactions, and commercial contracts.
November 11, 2025
Alyssa R.
Alyssa M. Reid is a New York–based transactional attorney advising founders, creatives, and companies on commercial agreements, intellectual property, and strategic business matters. Her practice focuses on drafting, reviewing, and negotiating a wide range of contracts, including service agreements, licensing and IP deals, publishing agreements, and talent/influencer contracts. Alyssa is known for combining strong legal analysis with a practical, business-minded approach. She helps clients understand what they’re signing, identify risks, and negotiate terms that protect their long-term interests, particularly around ownership, revenue, and control. She represents clients across media, entertainment, technology, sports, and consumer industries, serving as a trusted advisor from early-stage growth through more complex transactions. Prior to founding AMR Law, PLLC, Alyssa practiced at Sidley Austin LLP and later served as outside general counsel to startups and entrepreneurs. She is licensed to practice in New York and holds a J.D. from New York Law School and a B.A. from New York University.
October 3, 2023
Nicole Y.
Nicole Yñigo is an accomplished attorney with over nine years of experience in the legal field. Raised in Miami, she obtained her education from the School for Advanced Studies, Florida International University, and St. Thomas University School of Law. Nicole is dedicated to helping her clients achieve their legal goals and has built a strong reputation for providing personalized and effective legal representation. She has worked with various law firms and insurance companies on both Plaintiff and Defense matters. Nicole is the founder of The Ynigo Legal Group, where she offers compassionate and competent legal counsel in a direct and practical approach.
October 3, 2023
Gunnar C.
I am a multifaceted lawyer, experienced in corporate law, nonprofits, private equity, real estate, financial services, taxation, trust and estate planning, and philanthropy. I am a strategic thinker and cross-functional collaborator who understands the importance of balancing revenue needs with business-minded legal counsel. I am skilled and experienced in preparing and reviewing SaaS agreements, service and vendor agreements, confidentiality, NDAs, data privacy, IP, licensing, real estate transactions, and partnership agreements.
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"Allen was very helpful and responsive. He maintained contact and made sure the PSA was exactly as needed. I would work with him again if needed. I definitely recommend!"
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"Ted was extremely responsive, knowledgeable, easy to work with and was able help me the same day. I would confidently recommend him in the future."
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Assistance Needed for Resignation and Settlement Letters in WV
"One of the best lawyers I had the prompt work with he is has a vas knowledge on protecting Physicians on their exit with their their current employer always advocating for physicians rights and appropriate settlements in an amicable manner. His work drafting protective physicians resignation letters and formal settlements is impeccable. he will not let you done. He is very responsive is accessible to their clients and completes his projects in timely very professional fashion. I will definitely recommend him to any of my colleagues in the medical field and would rehire if necessary. My husband and I are so thankful to him we would not could have done this without a competent lawyer like Alton."
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Business Contracts
Settlement Agreement
California
When does a non-disparagement clause end?
8.2 Continuing Obligations of Contractor. The provisions of Sections 1.3, 1.4, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7.2, and 8 shall survive expiration or termination of this Agreement for any reason. 9. Additional Provisions. 9.1 Non-Disparagement. Both Parties agree that they shall not, directly or indirectly, engage in any conduct or make any statement, whether in commercial or noncommercial speech, disparaging or criticizing in any way of the other Party, or any of its affiliates or clients or any of their respective owners, officers, employees or agents or services offered by any of them, nor shall either Party engage in any other conduct or make any other statement whether in writing, verbally or on-line, that could be reasonably expected to impair the goodwill or reputation of the other Party or any of its affiliates or clients. 9.2 Non-Solicitation. During the term of this Agreement, and for a period of twelve (12) months following termination of this Agreement, Contractor shall not, without the prior written consent of Company, directly or indirectly solicit for employment, employ or otherwise engage the services of employees or individual consultants of the Company. This subsection shall not apply to general solicitations, public job postings, or newspaper advertisements for employment opportunities.
JOSEPH L.
Since Section 9, Non-Disparagement, is not listed as one of the sections that "survives termination of this Agreement" it is arguable that once the Agreement terminates pursuant to the termination clause of the Agreement then the Non-Disparagement restriction will terminate as well. If no term is stated in a written agreement then presumably the restriction on disparaging that the parties agree to is not terminated, since the contract did not specify one, and therefore is a continuing obligation of both parties. Damages is another issue though. If the contract does not specify damages if one party breaches the agreement by disparaging the other, then what are the damages? Courts hate to guess at damages so the non-breaching party would have to prove "actual damages". If the non-breaching party cannot prove a loss of business or a lost contract with a client as a "direct result" of the disparaging comment, then the court will not guess at damages so the most the non-breaching party may hope to gain is an injunction against future disparaging comments and an order that such comments be removed from the internet, if that is where the comments appear.
Dispute
Settlement Agreement
New Jersey
How to I get paid from this settlement without having to spend thousands on an attorney
Hello. Through legal help, I have a signed agreement with the other side to pay me $6500 in the settlement, after the other side did not deliver the product i signed on or. Before the attorneys got involved, I wrote a bad review about the 'others sides' business and posted it on the USREVIEW website. In the settlement agreement, i agreed to delete that post (review) however, i cannot. The 'other side' has the ability to have the review deleted, but he refuses to do so, using a stalling tactic not to pay me the settlement. The other side is in the UK. I have already wasted a lot of money on a lawyer from the U.S, he did not help much. I am now working with a lawyer in the UK, however, she is not sure that i will collect, even if we go to trial and win. Do i give up on this settlement, or is there another way to collect on the settlement without having to waste thousands of dollars?
Donya G.
Hello, It depends. Is your settlement court approved? Did you go to court and the court approved it or was it drafted by attorneys only? If it is not court approved, you can seek to have it approved by the court, however, you would need to be able to serve the person who is in the UK. Do they have a US address? will their lawyer accept service? Do they have property in the US? If yes, then you can sue in small claims court in NJ but only for $3,000.00, which is the limit but it is a process you can do by yourself with guidance. Otherwise if you want to sue for the full $6,500.00 your case should be filed in the regular Special Civil Part. Does the party have assets here in the US? you might want to hire an investigator (cheaper than an attorney) to locate any assets. If they do, then with your approved court settlement, you can attach the property or file a lien to get your money back. If you need further assistance, you can contact me on the website for assistance with my services. All the best Donya Gordon
Debt Collection
Settlement Agreement
Washington
I was injured when a Chinese safety product and won my argument.
I bought a safety sling off Amazon (I am Paraplegic) and the first time I used the lifting harness it failed and I fell hitting my foot on the floor and injuring it. After a lengthy investigation I was awarded an $18,000 Settlement Agreement and McLarens did all negotiations for the Chinese Supplier (Vendor of Amazons) and the Wire Transfer was set up for payment. It has been over 100 days since the agreement was made and we still have not been paid. The agent of McLarens on behalf of the Chinese Company (NEFFT) is my only contact and negotiated this settlement with will not return my Email and 5 times she has emailed she says she will contact her Client but I do not hear back from her and have to ask all over again. She has stalled for over 100 days now. What is the time limit for non payment and if so can they be Sued for Breach and bad faith practices and would that qualify for 3 times the amount of Settlement for Breach? Also my injured Foot is getting worse on top of it! Please help if possible?
Merry K.
I'm so sorry to hear about this. However, you posted on ContractsCounsel in the "question and answer" part of ContractsCounsel - I think you should obtain legal help, and for this, you need to post your request in the "project" area and expect to pay an attorney for help and advice. I'm sorry, I'm unable to answer all your questions - I just dropped in to provide these comments to you. (Also, please do not ask for me for a project, and I am not available for this type of work right now).
Employee Rights
Settlement Agreement
Washington
Are there caps on damages in settlement agreements?
I am a small business owner who is in the process of settling a dispute with a former employee. The employee is claiming a certain amount of damages, which I believe is excessive. I am interested in finding out if there are any caps on damages that can be included in a settlement agreement, as I would like to come to an agreement that is fair and reasonable for both parties.
Merry K.
In Washington, there are no punitive damages. Employment resolutions are usually based on some percentage or multiple of a person's salary. It is your job to reach a settlement that is fair and reasonable for you, not for a litigant against you (that's their job, not yours). If you are having difficulty resolving this dispute, you may want to consider mediation. Before you pay the employee, be sure to have them sign a full and complete release of all current and future liability and claims against you individually, your business, your heirs; etc. Also, if you have business insurance, it's possible you are entitled to a free attorney to represent you in this dispute.
Employee Rights
Settlement Agreement
Florida
How are damages outlined in a settlement agreement?
I recently reached a settlement agreement with a former employer in a dispute over unpaid wages. The settlement agreement outlines that I am to receive a certain amount of money as damages, however, I am unclear on how these damages were calculated and if there are any additional costs or fees associated with the settlement agreement. I am hoping to find out more information on how the damages were determined so that I can make sure I am receiving a fair settlement.
Linda W.
Your questions are certainly valid and you are entitled to answers. And you should receive the information before you sign a settlement agreement. Some of the terms of which should be included in the settlement agreement, such as if there are any other fees or costs associated with the settlement.
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